Propylene Glycol

Propylene glycol, also called propane-1,2-diol, is a viscous colorless hygroscopic liquid which is nearly odorless with a faintly sweet taste. It is used in food processing as the E-number E1520. The freezing point of water is depressed when mixed with propylene. In general, glycols are non-corrosive, have very low volatility and very low toxicity. Propylene glycol is used as a humectant (E1520), solvent and preservative in food and for tobacco products. It is also one of the major ingredients used in electronic. Propylene glycol is also used in various edible items such as coffee-based drinks, liquid sweeteners, ice cream, whipped dairy products and soda.

Propylene Glycol BP Grade
Ph Eur C3H8O2 -- 76.1 -- CAS 57-55-6
Action and use: Excipient.

DEFINITION
Propylene glycol is (RS)-propane-1,2-diol.

CHARACTERS
A viscous, clear, colourless, hygroscopic liquid, miscible with water and with ethanol (96 per cent).

IDENTIFICATION
A. It complies with the test for relative density.
B. It complies with the test for refractive index.
C. Boiling point: 184C to 189C.
D. To 0.5 ml add 5 ml of pyridine and 2 g of finely ground nitrobenzoyl chloride. Boil for 1 min and pour into 15 ml of cold water with shaking. Filter, wash the precipitate with 20 ml of a saturated solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate and then with water and dry. Dissolve in boiling ethanol (80 per cent V/V) and filter the hot solution. On cooling, crystals are formed which, after drying at 100-105 °C, melt at 121 °C to 128 °C.

TESTS
Appearance: It is clear and colourless.
Relative density: 1.035 to 1.040.
Refractive index: 1.431 to 1.433.
Acidity: To 10 ml add 40 ml of water R and 0.1 ml of bromothymol blue solution. The solution is greenish-yellow. Not more than 0.05 ml of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide is required to change the colour of the indicator to blue.
Oxidising substances: To 10 ml add 5 ml of water, 2 ml of potassium iodide solution and 2 ml of dilute sulphuric acid and allow to stand in a ground-glass-stoppered flask protected from light for 15 min. Titrate with 0.05 M sodium thiosulphate, using 1 ml of starch solution as indicator. Not more than 0.2 ml of 0.05 M sodium thiosulphate is required.
Reducing substances: To 1 ml add 1 ml of dilute ammonia and heat in a water-bath at 60C for 5 min. The solution is not yellow. Immediately add 0.15 ml of 0.1 M silver nitrate and allow to stand for 5 min. The solution does not change its appearance.
Heavy metals: 5 ppm m/V.
Water: Not more than 0.2 per cent, determined on 5.00 g by the semi-micro determination of water.
Sulphated ash: Heat 50 g until it burns and ignite. Allow to cool. Moisten the residue with sulphuric acid and ignite; repeat the operations. The residue weighs not more than 5 mg (0.01 per cent).

Propylene Glycol USP Grade
C3H8O2 76.09
1,2-Propanediol.
1,2-Propanediol [CAS 57-55-6].
Propylene Glycol contains not less than 99.5 percent of C3H8O2.

Identification: Infrared Absorption 1on undried specimen.
Specific gravity: between 1.035 and 1.037.
Acidity: Add 1 mL of phenolphthalein to 50 mL of water, then add 0.1 N sodium hydroxide until the solution remains pink for 30 seconds. Then add 10 mL of Propylene Glycol, accurately measured, and titrate with 0.10 N sodium hydroxide until the original pink color returns and remains for 30 seconds: not more than 0.20 mL of 0.10 N sodium hydroxide is required.
Water: not more than 0.2%.
Residue on ignition: Heat 50 g in a tared 100-mL shallow dish until it ignites, and allow it to burn without further application of heat in a place free from drafts. Cool, moisten the residue with 0.5 mL of sulfuric acid, and ignite to constant weight: the weight of the residue does not exceed 3.5 mg.
Chloride: A 1-mL portion shows no more chloride than corresponds to 0.10 mL of 0.020 N hydrochloric acid (0.007%).
Sulfate: A 5.0-mL portion shows no more sulfate than corresponds to 0.30 mL of 0.020 N sulfuric acid (0.006%).
Heavy metals: Mix 4.0 mL with water to make 25 mL: the limit is 5 ppm.

Polypropylene Glycol FCC Food Grade
CAS: [25322-69-4]

DESCRIPTION
Polypropylene Glycol occurs as a clear, colorless or practically colorless, viscous liquid. It is an addition polymer of propylene glycol and water represented by the formula HO(C3H6O)n- C3H6OH, in which n represents the average number of oxypropylene groups. It is soluble in water and in such organic solvents as aliphatic ketones and alcohols, but it is insoluble in ether and in most aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Function: Defoaming agent.

REQUIREMENTS
Lead:Not more than 1 mg/kg.
Nominal Molecular Weight: Not less than 90.0% and not more than 110.0% of the labeled value.
pH: Between 6.0 and 9.0.
Propylene Oxide: Not more than 0.02%.
Residue on Ignition: Not more than 0.01%.
Viscosity: Passes test.

Certifications :
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