Ferric Ammonium Citrate

Ammonium ferric citrate is a food additive with E number E381 used as an acidity regulator. It is a green or reddish-brown powder which is very soluble in water. The molecular formula of ammonium iron (III) citrate is variable.

Other uses for ammonium ferric citrate include water purification and printing. It is used as a reducing agent of metal salts of low activity like gold and silver. Ammonium ferric citrate is also used in Kligler iron deeps to determine hydrogen sulfide production in microbial metabolism.

Ferric Ammonium Citrate USP

Ferric Ammonium Citrate contains not less than 16.5 percent and not more than 18.5 percent of iron (Fe).

Identification:
A: Ignite about 0.5 g: it chars, and leaves a residue of iron oxide.
B: To 10 mL of a solution of Ferric Ammonium Citrate (1 in 100) add 6 N ammonium hydroxide drop wise: the solution darkens, but no precipitate forms.
C: To 5 mL of a solution of Ferric Ammonium Citrate (1 in 100) add 0.3 mL of potassium permanganate TS and 4 mL of mercuric sulfate TS, and heat the mixture to boiling: a white precipitate forms.
Ferric citrate: To a solution of Ferric Ammonium Citrate (1 in 100) add potassium ferrocyanide TS: no blue precipitate is formed.
Sulfate: 0.3% Maximum.
Oxalate: Transfer 1 g to a 125-mL separator, dissolve in 10 mL of water, add 2 mL of hydrochloric acid, and extract successively with one 50-mL portion and one 20-mL portion of ether. Transfer the combined ether extracts to a 150-mL beaker, add 10 mL of water, and remove the ether by evaporation on a steam bath. Add 1 drop of glacial acetic acid and 1 mL of calcium acetate solution (1 in 20): no turbidity is produced within 5 minutes.
Mercury: not more than 10 µg per g is found..
Limit of lead: not more than 10 µg per g is found.
Assay: Transfer about 1 g of Ferric Ammonium Citrate, accurately weighed, to a 250-mL conical flask, and dissolve in 25 mL of water and 5 mL of hydrochloric acid. Add 4 g of potassium iodide, insert the stopper, and allow to stand protected from light for 15 minutes. Add 100 mL of water, and titrate the liberated iodine with 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate VS, using starch TS as the indicator. Perform a blank determination, and make any necessary correction. Each mL of 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate is equivalent to 5.585 mg of iron (Fe).

Ferric Ammonium Citrate, Brown FCC Food Grade
Iron Ammonium Citrate

INS: 381 CAS: [1185-57-5]

DESCRIPTION
Ferric Ammonium Citrate, Brown, occurs as thin, transparent brown, red-brown, or garnet red scales or granules, or as a brown-yellow powder. It is a complex salt of undetermined structure, composed of iron, ammonia, and citric acid. It is very soluble in water, but is insoluble in alcohol. The pH of a 1:20 aqueous solution is about 5.0 to 8.0. It is deliquescent in air and is affected by light.
Function: Nutrient.

REQUIREMENTS
Identification:
A. A 500-mg sample, when ignited, chars and leaves a residue of iron oxide.
B. Add 0.3 mL of potassium permanganate TS and 4 mL of mercuric sulfate TS to 5 mL of a 1:10 aqueous solution, and heat the mixture to boiling. A white precipitate forms.
C. Dissolve about 500 mg of sample in 5 mL of water, and add 5 mL of 1 N sodium hydroxide. A red-brown precipitate forms, and ammonia is evolved when the mixture is heated.
Assay: Not less than 16.5% and not more than 18.5% of iron (Fe).
Ferric Citrate: Passes test.
Lead: Not more than 2 mg/kg.
Mercury: Not more than 1 mg/kg.
Oxalate: Passes test.
Sulfate: Not more than 0.3%.

Certifications :
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