Aluminium Chlorohydrate

Aluminium chlorohydrate is an aluminium salts having the general formula AlnClAlnCl(3n-m)(OH)m. It is used in cosmetics as an antiperspirant and as a coagulant in water purification.

In water purification, this compound is preferred in some cases because of its high charge, which makes it more effective at destabilizing and removing suspended materials than other aluminium salts. Further, the high degree of neutralization of the HCl results in minimal impact on treated water pH when compared to other aluminium and iron salts.

Specifications of Aluminium Chlorohydrate Solution:
Appearance: Clear to yellowish hazy liquid.
Specific Gravity: 1.33 to 1.35
pH of 30% (w/w): 3.5 to 4.5
Aluminum (Al): 12.2 to 12.7%
Aluminium as (Al2O3): 23 to 24%
Chloride (Cl): 7.9 to 8.4%
Iron (Fe): 300ppm maximum
Arsenic (As2O3): 2ppm maximum
Lead (Pb): 10ppm maximum.

Specifications of Aluminum Chlorohydrate Solution USP Grade:

Aluminum Chlorohydrate Solution consists of complex basic aluminum chloride that is polymeric and encompasses a range of aluminum-to-chloride ratios between 1.91:1 and 2.10:1. The following solvents may be used: water, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, or alcohol. It contains the equivalent of not less than 90.0 percent and not more than 110.0 percent of the labeled concentration of anhydrous aluminum chlorohydrate.

Packaging and storage: Preserve in well-closed containers.
Labeling: Label Solution to state the solvent used and the claimed concentration of anhydrous aluminum chlorohydrate contained therein.
Identification:
A: A solution containing the equivalent of about 100 mg of anhydrous aluminum chlorohydrate per mL responds to the tests for Aluminum and for Chloride.
B: Identification of propylene glycol (where stated on the label): Add about 10 mL of isopropyl alcohol to 2 g of Solution, mix, and filter. Evaporate the filtrate to about 1 mL on a steam bath: the IR spectrum of a film of this solution on a silver chloride disk exhibits maxima only at the same wavelengths as that of a similar preparation of a film of propylene glycol.
C: Identification of dipropylene glycol (where stated on the label): Add about 10 mL of isopropyl alcohol to 2 g of Solution, mix, and filter. Evaporate the filtrate to about 1 mL on a steam bath: the IR spectrum of a film of this solution on a silver chloride disk exhibits maxima only at the same wavelengths as that of a similar preparation of a film of dipropylene glycol.
D: Identification of alcohol (where stated on the label): In a small beaker mix 5 drops of Solution with 1 mL of potassium permanganate solution (1 in 100) and 5 drops of 2 N sulfuric acid. Immediately cover the beaker with filter paper moistened with a freshly prepared solution of 0.1 g of sodium nitroferricyanide and 0.25 g of piperazine in 5 mL of water: an intense blue color is produced on the filter paper, the color fading after a few minutes.
pH: between 3.0 and 5.0, in a solution prepared by diluting 3 g of the solution with water to obtain 10 mL.
Arsenic: Prepare the Test Preparation using an accurately weighed quantity of the Solution. The limit is 2 ppm.
Heavy metals: Prepare the Test Preparation using an accurately weighed quantity of the Solution. The limit is 0.001%.
Limit of iron: To pass the test --- (75 micro-gm per g).
Content of aluminum: To pass the test.
Content of chloride: To pass the test.
Aluminum/chloride atomic ratio: --- the ratio is between 1.91:1 and 2.10:1.

Assay: Calculate the percentage of anhydrous aluminum chlorohydrate in the Solution by the formula:
Al{[26.98x + (17.01)(3x 1) + 35.453] / 26.98x}
in which Al is the percentage of aluminum found in the test for Content of aluminum, x is the aluminum/chloride atomic ratio, 26.98 is the atomic weight of aluminum, 17.01 is the molecular weight of the hydroxide ion (OH), and 35.453 is the atomic weight of chloride (Cl).

Certificate of Analysis of Aluminum Chlorohydrate Powder:
Color: Off-white to Slight yellow
Appearance: Fine Powder
Aluminum (Al): 23.5 - 27.5%
Chloride (Cl): 15.5 – 18.5%
Al:Cl atomic ratio: 1.91:1 – 2.10:1
pH (15% w/w): 4.0 – 4.8
Odor: Odorless.

Specifications of Aluminum Chlorohydrate USP Grade:
Aly(OH)3y-zClz·H2O
Aluminum chlorohydroxide.
Aluminum hydroxychloride.
Dihydrate --- 12042-91-0.
Anhydrous --- 1327-41-9.
Aluminum chlorohydroxide, dihydrate.
Aluminum hydroxychloride, dihydrate.
Dihydrate --- 210.48 --- CAS 12042-91-0.
Anhydrous --- 174.45 --- CAS 1327-41-9.

Aluminum Chlorohydrate consists of complex basic aluminum chloride that is polymeric and loosely hydrated and encompasses a range of aluminum to chloride atomic ratios between 1.91:1 and 2.10:1. It contains the equivalent of not less than 90.0 percent and not more than 110.0 percent of the labeled amount of anhydrous aluminum chlorohydrate.

Packaging and storage: Preserve in well-closed containers.
Labeling: The label states the content of anhydrous aluminum chlorohydrate.
Identification: A solution (1 in 10) responds to the tests for Aluminum and for Chloride.
pH: between 3.0 and 5.0, in a solution [15 in 100 (w/w)].
Arsenic: 2 micro-gm per g.
Heavy metals: 0.002%.
Limit of iron: To pass the test --- (150 micro-gm per g).
Content of aluminum: To pass the test.
Content of chloride: To pass the test.
Aluminum/chloride atomic ratio: ---: the ratio is between 1.91:1 and 2.10:1.

Assay: Calculate the percentage of anhydrous aluminum chlorohydrate in the Solution by the formula:
Al{[26.98x + (17.01)(3x 1) + 35.453] / 26.98x}
in which Al is the percentage of aluminum found in the test for Content of aluminum, x is the aluminum/chloride atomic ratio, 26.98 is the atomic weight of aluminum, 17.01 is the molecular weight of the hydroxide ion (OH), and 35.453 is the atomic weight of chloride (Cl).

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